Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated neuropathy that affects peripheral nerves and roots, with higher incidence in older males. Diagnosing CIDP is challenging due to its varied presentations, similar conditions, and complex electrodiagnostic criteria. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) are key for diagnosis, but distinguishing true demyelination from other causes can be difficult.

The 2021 EAN/PNS guidelines include criteria for CIDP variants and sensory criteria, but their complexity can lead to misinterpretation. The revised EAN/PNS guidelines emphasize clinical, electrophysiological, and sometimes laboratory or imaging findings for diagnosis. Treatment response should be evaluated objectively to ensure effectiveness and consider alternative diagnoses if necessary. Autoantibodies, monoclonal proteins, nerve ultrasound, MRI, and CSF examination aid diagnosis, with nerve biopsy considered only when other tests are inconclusive. Effective management relies on timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and consistent monitoring with objective measures.

Reference: van Doorn IN, Eftimov F, Wieske L, et al. Challenges in the Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy in Adults: Current Perspectives. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2024 Feb 14;20:111-126. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S360249. PMID: 38375075; PMCID: PMC10875175.