Vascular parkinsonism (VP), or multi-infarct parkinsonism, is a form of atypical parkinsonism caused by small strokes rather than the gradual nerve degeneration seen in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. VP presents with symptoms like slow movements, tremors, stiffness, and balance issues, often affecting the lower body more than the upper. Diagnosis can be tricky since symptoms mimic Parkinson’s disease but may also involve stroke-related deficits like limb weakness or speech problems. Brain imaging, such as CT or MRI, typically shows small strokes or white matter changes, requiring further evaluation of stroke risks, including heart assessments and blood tests.

Treatment aims to prevent future strokes by managing risks like high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, alongside lifestyle changes like exercise and quitting smoking. Although VP generally responds poorly to levodopa and other Parkinson’s medications, some patients may benefit depending on stroke location. Physical and occupational therapy play key roles in improving balance, preventing falls, and maintaining mobility. Emerging therapies, such as Vitamin D supplementation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, show promise but need further research.

Reference: Jankovic J. Vascular (Multi-Infarct) Parkinsonism. Baylor College of Medicine. Accessed October 23, 2024. https://www.bcm.edu/healthcare/specialties/neurology/parkinsons-disease-and-movement-disorders/vascular-parkinsonism